1. 상징 : 성경에서 불은 언약을 맺고, 말씀하시며,
심판하시는 하나님의 사역과 밀접한 관계가 있다.
그래서 불은 다양한 상징성을 갖는다.
곧, '하나님의 영광'(출24:17; 단7:9), '하나님의 임재"
'(출3:2; 19:18; 신18:16; 겔1:27), '하나님의 동행'
(출13:21-22; 느9:12,19; 시78:14), '하나님의 능력'
(출9:24), '하나님의 거룩한 진노와 심판'
(창19:24; 시89:46; 렘4:4; 암5:6; 계1:14), '언약의 보증'
(창15:17), '하나님의 보호'(출13:22; 사31:9; 슥2:5),
'하나님의 보복'(히12:29), '하나님의 말씀'(렘5:14; 23:29) 등을 의미한다.
2. 성경본문 : 출애굽기 14:21-22
21여호와께서는 이스라엘 백성에게 길을
가르쳐 주셨습니다. 낮에는 구름 기둥으로
인도하셨고, 밤에는 불 기둥으로 불을
밝히시면서 인도하셨습니다. 그래서 이스라엘
백성은 밤낮으로 갈 수 있었습니다.
22낮에는 구름 기둥이, 밤에는 불 기둥이
이스라엘 백성을 떠나지 않았습니다.
3. 이야기 : 성경에서 불은 다양한 상징성을 가지고 있다.
위의 본문은 특별히 하나님의 임재와 동행에 초점을 맞추고 있다.
출애굽한 이스라엘은 광야에서 새로운 땅을 향해 행군해야했고
정확한 좌표나 안내도가 없었다. 하지만 하나님께서
낮에는 구름기둥, 밤에는 불기둥으로 하나님의 인도하심을 나타내셨다.
그들은 구름과 불기둥을 의지하여 나아가야 할 방향을 알았고,
사막의 춥고 어두운 밤을 불기둥에 의존하여 안전하고
따뜻하게 보낼 수 있었다.
그당시, 불은 이스라엘과 함께 하시는 하나님의 임재,
동행, 하나님의 능력을 나타냈다.
1. 상징 : ‘혈연’, ‘혈통’, ‘혈기’ 그리고 ‘인간의 본성’
(요 1:13)이나 ‘인류의 단일성’(행 17:26)
등의 상징적 의미를 갖는다.
특히, 성경에서 ‘피’는 생명의 근원이요
본질(창 9:4; 레 17:11)로서 매우 귀하게 여겨져
사람의 피를 흘리고 살인한 자는
피의 대가를 반드시 피로 지불해야 했다(창 9:6)
2. 성경본문: 에베소서 1:7(우리는 이 아들
안에서 하나님의 풍성한 은혜를 따라
그의 피로 구속 곧 죄
용서를 받게 되었습니다.)
3. 이야기 : 성경에서 피는 생명과 관련되어 있습니다.
특별히, 예수님이 십자가에서 흘린 피로 말미암아
모든 사람들에게 생명의 길이 주어졌습니다.
피가 없으면 생명에 위협이 가해지기도하지만
누군가의 피는 생명을 살리기도 하는 힘이 있습니다.
1. 상징 : 신구약성경에 약 70번의 '뱀'이 나오지만
이중에 3분의 2는 비유적으로 사용되었다.
뱀의 비유는 마귀, 사단, 독이 있는 것, 간교함으로 사용된다.
뱀이 최초로 언급된 것은 창세기 3장에서
아담을 꾀는 역할을 하는 것으로 나온다.
창3:1에서 "하나님이 지으신 들짐승 중에
뱀이 가장 간교하더라"고 소개한다.
2. 성경본문: 창세기 3:1-5 (1 여호와 하나님께서 만드신 들짐승 가운데
뱀이 가장 간사하고 교활했습니다. 어느 날, 뱀이 여자에게 와서
말했습니다. "하나님이 정말로 동산 안의 어떤 나무의
열매도 먹지 말라고 하시더냐?"
2 여자가 뱀에게 대답했습니다. "우리는 동산 안에 있는 나무의
열매를 먹을 수 있어. 3 하지만 하나님께서는 “동산 한가운데 있는
나무의 열매는 먹지도 말고 만지지도 마라. 그렇지 않으면 너희가 죽을 것이다'라고
말씀하셨어."4 그러자 뱀이 여자에게 말했습니다. "너희는 죽지 않아.
5 하나님은 너희가 그 나무 열매를 먹고 너희 눈이 밝아지면,
선과 악을 알게 되어 너희가 하나님과 같이 될까 봐 그렇게 말씀하신 거야."
3. 이야기 : 하나님이 지으셨던 첫 사람인 아담과 하와는 뱀의 간사한 유혹에
넘어가서 하나님이 금지하신 선과 악을 알게하는 나무의 열매를 먹는다.
이것은 인간이 창조자와 피조물의 경계를 넘어서서
창조자의 권위에 도전하는 행동이며, 절대자와 같은 권능과
힘을 행사하고 싶어하는 인간의 본성을 나타낸다.
그 결과, 현 시대에도 인간은 창조질서에 어긋나는 욕망과
유혹에 사로잡혀 창조세계를 어지럽히고 있다.
무분별한 환경파괴, 생태계 교란등이 해당된다고 볼 수 있다.
그 밖에도 사람은 끈임없이 선과 악의 경계에서
욕망과 싸우고 있다.
1.상징: 빛은 히브리어로 '오르' 이며, 헬라어로는 '포스'이다.
성경에서 빛은 하나님, 하나님의 성품, 하나님의 임재,
생명, 지헤와 명철, 구원, 영적 지혜, 예수그리스도,
진리를 상징한다. 성도와 관련해서는 세상의 모범,
하나님의 흠 없는 자녀, 변화된 백성, 영광의 상속자들,
형제를 사랑하는 자, 진리의 전파자등을 상징한다.
2. 성경본문 : 요한1서 1장5절
우리가 그리스도에게서 들어서 여러분에게 전하는
소식은 이것이니, 곧 하나님은 빛이시요,
하나님 안에는 어둠이 전혀 없다는 것입니다.
3. 이야기 : 빛의 시대와 환경을 초월하는 존재입니다.
변함이 없으며, 언제 어디서나 함께합니다.
또한, 빛은 어두움을 몰아내며, 길을 인도해주는
역할을 합니다. 게다가 두려움을 사라지게
하기도 합니다. 이것은 하나님과 같습니다.
하나님은 변함이 업으신 분이시며, 언제 어디서나
우리와 함께 계십니다. 또한, 모든 사람을 밝은 길로
인도하시기 위해 애쓰시는 분이십니다. 또한, 하나님이
주시는 평안은 두려움을 물리칩니다.
1. 상징 : 성경에서 책은 '하나님의 말씀'을 상징한다.
다른 표현으로, '진리의 말씀'(시119:43; 약1:18), '말씀'(시119:50; 약1:21-23),
'주의 말씀'(시119:105), ''성경'(요5:39; 딤후3:15-17), '율법'(시1:2; 119:142),
'두루마리'(렘36:6; 계22:19), '두루마리 책'(시40:7; 렘36:2) 등이 있다.
2. 성경본문: 요한복음3:30-31
30 예수님께서는 제자들이 있는 곳에서 이 책에 기록되지 않은
다른 표적도 많이 행하셨습니다.
31그런데도 이 책에 있는 표적들을
기록한 것은 여러분들로 하여금 예수님께서 하나님의 아들
그리스도이심을 믿게 하고, 그분의 이름을
믿음으로써 생명을 얻게 하기 위해서 입니다.
3. 이야기 : 예수님의 제자였던 요한은 요한복음을 기록하면서
책을 기록한 이유에 대하여 설명하고 있씁니다.
그것은 후대에 예수님을 직접 경험하지 못한
사람들이 예수님이 이땅에 오신 이유와 하신 일,
십자가에서 죽음을 택하면서 까지 사람들을 사랑하심을
알려주기 위함입니다.
1. 상징 : 성경에서 강은일반적인 지명 외에
성령님을 의미합니다.
성령님의 임재, 성령님의 함께 하심,
성령님의 활동을 뜻합니다.
또한, 하나님의 은혜, 하나님의 함께하심
생명을 상징하기도 합니다.
2. 성경본문 : 누구든지 목마르거든
내게로 와서 마시라.
나를 믿는 사람은 성경이 말한 대로,
그의 배에서 생수의 강이 흘러나올 것이다.
3. 이야기 : . 생수의 강은 한강이나 나일강같은 큰 강이다.
강이 흐르지 않는 곳은 먼지가 날리는 사막이지만 강이
흐르는 곳마다 나무들이 자라고 물고기가 실아 헤엄치고
온갖 생명들의 풍성하다. 강이 흐르는 곳은
생명력이 충만한 곳이다. 에스겔에 의하면 성전에서부터
강이 발원하여 흘러 온 세상을 흐른다고 했다.
성령은 개인의 목마름을 해결할 뿐 아니라
그 사람에게서 생수의 강이 흘러
주변 사람들에게까지 생명의 복이 흘러넘치게 한다.
In Korean history, fire symbolizes the dynasty’s civility and its moralistic principles in governing the country. An example of this is Gwanghwamun. It is placed in the Southern side of Kyungbok palace, which is the direction representing fire, and there is Haetae placed in front, which is an imaginary animal said to live in fire. It means the king’s great virtue illuminates the entire country.
In Korean history, the blood symbolizes creativity, immortality, and hope since the color red symbolizes sun, fire, production, creation, passion, and love; Related to that, that is also another reason why the Koreans assume that “Hyo” is the most important value, especially during the Joseon period. The phrase “ the blood is stronger than water” represents how much Koreans have been into family-blood relationships since Korean history.
Among the animals, the sixth zodiac animal, the snake is a symbol of immortality and regeneration. It is also the guardian deity of the southeast. However, in reality, snakes are regarded as dangerous and disgusting animals. People avoid snakes but also believe them as strange and magical creatures which transform into dragons in a hundred years. People also create numerous stories about snakes and the snake in stories has multiple faces standing in for man.
The light in Japanese history symbolizes the positive value of life such as cleanliness. It is related to Japanese candle making history. As they make candles, the fire makes the house brighter. So that became a metaphor for the phrase “ bright family”. Also, the lanterns were introduced in Japan through China during the Han dynasty period. It became a symbol of good luck and happiness. During the Obon festival, the families hung the lanterns up to the front door so that their ancestor’s spirit could find their way home.
In Korean history, the book symbolizes protection and motivation for change.. When Korea was taken over by Japan, people began to believe that they needed to learn and gain more knowledge to protect the nation. During this period, publishers started publishing books such as textbooks with information about Western technologies, and history of their own. These books provided Koreans with a sense of their identity, and they realized the importance of liberation.
In Chinese culture, water commonly symbolized receptivity, pliability, and stillness. This symbolic meaning was largely influenced by the Daoist thought, a popular school of thought in China. This is because it represents the yin qualities, which are feminine, passive, and receptive characteristics that can balance the yang attributes such as masculine, aggressive, and hardness.
Fire generally represents the element of summer, heat, and enthusiasm in China. It also represents the highest point of growth and warmth in relationships between humans. Plus, upward fire symbolizes dynamic, passion and energy. The reason why fire is considered an important figure in China is its belief in the Zodiac signs. Zodiac signs consist of 2 animals. Chinese believe Zodiac signs can tell fortune and they believe fire is guarding those animals.
Blood represents vigor, strength, and ancestry with its vivid color and life-giving quality. It has a tremendous impact on our perception of identity and the human experience, affecting rituals and beliefs across the globe from antiquated customs to contemporary behaviors. It also functions as a powerful metaphor in literature and art.
In ancient China, people believed the snake as a god and praised the snake because of its mysteriousness. Also, the snake was often called the “Little Dragon '' at that time period. The shed skin of the snake was even called “Dragon skin.”
In Korea, light represents light, hope, and unity. Lanterns are generally used to represent this symbolism. In some cities of the country, during traditional festivals, colorful lanterns are commonly used. For instance, “Jinju City Exhibition” exhibits many lanterns that are made of silk. In the Bible, light is a symbol of holiness, goodness, knowledge, wisdom, grace, hope, and God’s revelation.
In Japanese history, the concept of the "book" holds profound significance, representing knowledge, learning, and the transmission of culture and ideas. Additionally, it symbolizes the influence of Chinese culture on Japan, as the written word was introduced to Japan through Chinese characters. This cultural exchange played a crucial role in shaping Japan's intellectual landscape and identity over time.
The Japanese Garden and other gardens worldwide use a river or creek to symbolize life's flow. The source symbolizes birth and youth, while the waterfall symbolizes life's force. The river's rapid flow breaches dams, expressing life's tensions. The river's transformation from wild to gentle signifies youth and adulthood. In Japanese history, the river symbolizes change, continuity, and purification in Shinto practices.
In Korean culture the fire symbolizes two main things, vital force, destructive power and connection. The symbolization of vital force originated from the blaze of fire and the symbolization of destructive power originated from defeating evil forces. Also, the symbolization of connection originated from the tradition, chesa. During chesa, people burn incense known as “hyang” to communicate heaven and earth, the earth and the earth, the living and the dead. The symbolic meaning of fire is shown in traditional games. For example, between villages there was a torch fight which was an event to drive away evil spirits with fire and pray for New Year's farming and good luck.
Blood is considered an essential fluid of the body that has the power to give life. Blood was considered a nonrenewable source of life. Loss of blood is equivalent to loss of vigor. As a result of China’s strong family values that asserts that children are deferential to parents—especially the father—giving away blood was culturally forbidden.
In Korean culture the snake symbolizes immortality, patience. The symbolization of immortality came from two concepts, the zodiac and shedding. The snake is the 6th animal of the zodiac. Besides, the snake sheds its slough every period of time which symbolizes rebirth. The symbolization of patience originated from the Korean legend of a snake turning into a dragon. The snake turns into a huge serpent and patiently waits a thousand years underwater in order to be a dragon.
Buddhism, in Chinese culture, associates lanterns with light and wisdom. Lanterns and lamps have been a part of Chinese culture for generations, coming in a variety of designs and materials. Lanterns are associated with fertility. Underneath wedding beds are lamps known as children's and grandchildren's lamps. Beside the bed of a bride and groom, lamps were set up for the entire night. A lengthy marriage was represented if they went out at the same time. Additionally, a pregnant woman's bed is decorated with lanterns. Lanterns are symbolic of celebration in China. Lanterns have special significance on the Feast of the Lanterns, which is held in the first Chinese month. They serve as markers for both visitors and the spirits of the deceased.
In Korean culture, books symbolize knowledge and uniformity. The symbolization of knowledge comes from the book's nature, to contain knowledge. For example, Dong-uibogam is a series of medical books written by Heo Jun, royal physician of Joseon dynasty. The symbolization of uniformity originated from the creation of the book. After the creation of words in order to share the uniformed character, people needed objects to write one to. When the system was established among the objects, books were created.
Rivers symbolize the flow of life, the passage of time, and the ever-changing nature of existence. They represent purification, renewal, and the washing away of impurities. Rivers are also seen as pathways for spiritual journeys, guiding souls to the afterlife. Additionally, they symbolize strength, perseverance, and the ability to overcome obstacles, as they carve their way through landscapes over time. Rivers are revered in Shintoism as embodiments of kami (deities) and are deeply intertwined with Japanese spirituality and traditions.
Commodore PET stands for Personal Electronic Transactor. It was invented in 1977 by Commodore International. It was an early personal computer featuring all in one design with a built -in keyboard and monitor. It was aimed for education and became popular in schools and colleges.
TRS-80 stands for Tandy Radio Shack-80. It was invented in 1977 by Trendy Corporation. It was one of the first affordable personal computers which was predominantly used in homes and small businesses.
Atari 400/800 was named after the company Atari, Inc. It was invented in 1979 by Atari,Inc. It was an early home computer that contained custom graphics and sound capabilities. It was dominantly used for gaming and productivity software was also available.
IBM 5150 stands for International Business Machines Corporation 5150. It was created in 1981, by International Business Machines Corporation (IBM). IBM 5150, commonly known as the IBM PC, became the standard for personal computing, establishing the architecture that is still used today. It was IBM's first attempt at a mass-produced personal computer.
Compaq Portable was named after the company, Compaq Computer Corporation. It was created in 1983, by Apple Inc., led by Steve Jobs and his team.Compaq Portable was one of the first IBM PC-compatible portable computers, allowing users to run IBM PC-compatible software on the go. It contributed to the popularity of portable computing.
Apple Lisa was named after the daughter of Apple Inc. co-founder Steve Jobs. It was created in 1983, by Apple Inc., led by Steve Jobs and his team. Apple Lisa introduced the first commercial GUI (Graphical User Interface), allowing users to interact with the computer using a mouse and graphical elements. It was aimed at business and professional users.
Stands for: International Business Machines Corporation Personal Computer/Advanced Technology. Additional Information: IBM PC/AT introduced the 16-bit ISA (Industry Standard Architecture) bus, allowing for faster data transfer and expansion capabilities in IBM PCs. It was a successor to the original IBM PC.
Apple Macintosh was named after a variety of apple, specifically the McIntosh. It was created in 1984, by Apple Inc., led by Steve Jobs and his team. Apple Macintosh introduced the Macintosh operating system and graphical user interface, revolutionizing personal computing with its user-friendly design. It brought advanced features such as WYSIWYG text editing to the mass market.
IBM PCjr stands for International Business Machines Corporation Personal Computer Junior. It was created in 1984, by IBM (International Business Machines Corporation). IBM PCjr was IBM's attempt at a home computer, offering advanced features for its time but not achieving significant success in the market due to compatibility issues and market competition.
Commodore 64 was named for its 64 kilobytes of RAM. It was created in 1982, by Commodore International, led by Jack Tramiel. Commodore 64 was the best-selling home computer model of all time, known for its affordability, gaming capabilities, and extensive software library. It played a significant role in popularizing personal computing and gaming in the 1980s.
Amiga 1000 was named after the Spanish word for "female friend" or "girlfriend." It was created in 1985, by Commodore International, with Jay Miner leading the design team. Amiga 1000 was a popular multimedia home computer, offering advanced graphics and sound capabilities for its time. It was widely used for gaming and creative applications, known for its multitasking operating system.
IBM PS/2 stands for International Business Machines Corporation Personal System/2. It was created in 1987, by IBM which stands for International Business Machines Corporation. IBM PS/2 introduced the Micro Channel Architecture (MCA), IBM's proprietary expansion bus, aimed at improving performance and reliability over the ISA bus. It also introduced features such as VGA graphics and PS/2 connectors for keyboards and mice.
NeXT Computer was named for the company, NeXT Inc. It was created in 1988, by NeXT Inc., founded by Steve Jobs after leaving Apple. NeXT Computer was developed by Steve Jobs's company after leaving Apple. It was known for its advanced operating system and development environment, influential in academia and research.
IBM As/400 stands for International Business Machines Corporation Application System/400. It was created in 1988, by IBM which stands for International Business Machines Corporation. IBM AS/400 was a midrange computer series designed for business computing, offering integrated database and security features. It was known for its reliability and scalability.
IBM ThinkPad 700c stands for International Business Machines Corporation ThinkPad 700C. It was created in 1992, by IBM which stands for International Business Machines Corporation. IBM ThinkPad 700C was an iconic laptop series known for its black design, innovative features, and durable build. It introduced features such as the TrackPoint pointing device and was favored by professionals for its reliability.
Intel Pentium was named after the chemical element, Pentium. It was created in 1993, by Intel Corporation. Intel Pentium was a popular series of x86 microprocessors, marking a significant advancement in performance and features over previous Intel processors. It introduced features such as superscalar architecture and multimedia extensions.
Apple Power Macintosh was named after the PowerPC architecture. It was created in 1994, by Apple Inc. It was a power mac which was the start of wireless computers.
IBM Deep Blue was named by IBM, no specific meaning. It was created in 1996, by IBM which is International Business Machines Corporation. IBM Deep Blue gained fame for defeating chess grandmaster Garry Kasparov in a highly publicized match in 1997. It demonstrated the capabilities of artificial intelligence and computer chess-playing algorithms.
Apple iMac stands for "Internet Macintosh" or "interactive Macintosh." It was created in 1998, by Apple Inc. Apple iMac introduced the all-in-one design, integrating the computer and monitor into a single unit. It played a significant role in revitalizing Apple's fortunes and popularizing the use of USB ports and colorful translucent plastics in computer design.
AMD Athlon was named after the Greek word "Athlon," meaning "ultimate" or "champion." It was created in 1999, by AMD which stands for Advanced Micro Devices. AMD Athlon was a competitor to Intel's Pentium series, offering high performance and value for personal computer users. It introduced features such as advanced microarchitecture and support for 3D graphics.
Sony VAIO stands for Visual Audio Intelligent Organizer. It was created in 1996, by Sony Corporation. Sony VAIO was a popular line of desktops and laptops known for their sleek design and multimedia capabilities. They were aimed at consumers and professionals looking for high-quality computing devices.
Compaq Presario was named by Compaq, with no specific meaning. It was created in 1993, by Compaq Computer Corporation. Compaq Presario was a consumer desktop and laptop series offering affordability and performance. It targeted home users and small businesses, featuring a range of configurations to suit different needs.
Gateway 2000 was named after the company, Gateway 2000. It was created in 1985, by Ted Waitt and Mike Hammond who founded Gateway 2000. Gateway 2000 was an American computer hardware company known for its direct sales model and customizable computers. It offered a range of desktop and laptop models for home and business users.
Dell Inspiron was named after the company, Dell Technologies. It was released in 1990, by Dell Technologies. It was a laptop series well known for its affordability and performance. It allowed a range of configuration and features catering to different user needs
IBM NetVIsta stands for International Business Machines Corporation NetVista. It was invented by IBM in 2000. It was a desktop and laptop series designed for business. It offered reliability and security making it suitable for corporate environments.
Microsoft Xbox was named by Microsoft. It was released in 2001 by Microsoft Corporation as a video game console, competing with Sony’s play station and Nintendo’s GameCube. It introduced integrated hard drive and online gaming capabilities
Apple iPod was named by Apple with no specific meaning. It was invented by Apple Inc in 2001. It was a portable media player well known for its compact design and user -friendly interface. It revolutionized the music industry by offering a convenient way to listen to digital music
Microsoft Xbox 360 is named after Microsoft. It was released in 2005, by Microsoft Corporation. It is a seventh generation video game console offering improved graphics processing power, and online gaming capabilities compared to its predecessor. It was commercially successful, competing with Sony’s Playstation 3.
Apple iPhone was named by Apple. It was released in 2007, by Apple Inc. It is a revolutionary smartphone that combines mobile phone, internet communicator, and portable media player. It introduced a touchscreen interface and App store, shifting the mobile industry.
Apple Vision Pro was invented in 2024 February by Apple Inc. It is a Spatial computer that mixes digital content and apps into physical space allowing users to navigate their eyes, hands and voice.