Mexico is the 14th largest country in the world, covering nearly 2 million square kilometers. It is bordered by the United States to the north, and Belize and Guatemala to the south.
With over 126 million people, Mexico is the 10th most populous country in the world. Mexico City, its capital, is one of the largest cities globally.
Spanish is the official language of Mexico, making it the largest Spanish-speaking country in the world. There are also 68 national languages, including 63 indigenous ones.
Mexico was home to ancient civilizations like the Aztecs and Mayans, which left behind significant archaeological sites. The country was colonized by Spain in the early 16th century, leading to a rich blend of cultures.
Mexico gained independence from Spain on September 16, 1810. This day is celebrated annually as Independence Day with parades, festivals, and cultural events.
Mexican cuisine is renowned worldwide, featuring dishes like tacos, enchiladas, and mole. In 2010, UNESCO recognized Mexican cuisine as an Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.
Mexico has a diverse climate ranging from arid deserts in the north to lush tropical rainforests in the south. The country also has temperate regions in the central highlands.
Mexico is a popular tourist destination with attractions such as Cancún, Playa del Carmen, and the ancient ruins of Chichen Itza. Tourism is a major contributor to the Mexican economy.
Mexico has a mixed economy with key sectors including manufacturing, oil production, and tourism. It is a member of the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA).
Mexico has a rich cultural heritage influenced by both indigenous and Spanish traditions. The country is known for its music, dance, and vibrant festivals like Día de los Muertos (Day of the Dead).
Mexico is one of the world's most biodiverse countries, home to a wide variety of plants and animals. It has numerous ecosystems ranging from deserts to tropical forests.
Mexico is compulsory until the age of 18, with a literacy rate of around 95%. The country has several prestigious universities, including the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM).
Soccer (fútbol) is the most popular sport in Mexico, with a passionate fan base. The national team has a strong international presence, regularly competing in the World Cup.
Mexican art is known for its vibrant colors and unique styles, with renowned artists like Frida Kahlo and Diego Rivera. Their works are celebrated both in Mexico and globally.
Mexico is known for regional music styles such as norteño, banda, and ranchera. Music plays an integral role in Mexican culture and celebrations.
The currency used in Mexico is the Mexican Peso (MXN). It is often symbolized by the "$" sign, similar to the US dollar.
Mexico has an extensive network of highways, railroads, and ports, facilitating domestic and international trade. The country is investing in improving its infrastructure to boost economic growth.
Mexico is a federal republic consisting of 31 states and one federal district, Mexico City. The president is elected for a six-year term and cannot be re-elected.
Andrés Manuel López Obrador (AMLO) has been the president of Mexico since December 2018. His administration focuses on combating corruption and improving social welfare.
Mexico boasts natural wonders like the Copper Canyon, which is larger and deeper than the Grand Canyon. The Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve is another stunning natural attraction.
The majority of Mexicans are Roman Catholic, though there is a growing number of Protestant and non-religious people. Religious festivals and holidays play a significant role in Mexican culture.
The Jarabe Tapatío, also known as the Mexican Hat Dance, is considered the national dance of Mexico. It is often performed at cultural events and celebrations.
As part of the USMCA, Mexico benefits from free trade with the United States and Canada. This agreement is crucial for Mexico's export-oriented economy.
Mexico's architecture ranges from ancient pyramids to colonial-era churches and modern skyscrapers. Cities like Mexico City and Guadalajara showcase a blend of these styles.
Important public holidays in Mexico include Día de los Muertos (Day of the Dead) and Cinco de Mayo. These holidays are celebrated with parades, festivals, and traditional foods.
Mexican telenovelas (soap operas) are popular not only in Mexico but throughout the Spanish-speaking world. These shows often feature dramatic storylines and are a staple of Mexican television.
Mexico City has one of the largest and busiest metro systems in the world. Public transportation is essential for commuting in the densely populated capital.
Mexico’s diverse landscapes include deserts, mountains, jungles, and over 9,000 kilometers of coastline. This diversity supports a wide range of outdoor activities and ecotourism.
Andrés Manuel López Obrador (AMLO) has been the president of Mexico since December 2018. His administration focuses on combating corruption and improving social welfare.
As part of the USMCA, Mexico benefits from free trade with the United States and Canada. This agreement is crucial for Mexico's export-oriented economy.
Mexico has a growing tech industry, with Guadalajara being dubbed the "Silicon Valley of Mexico." The city is a hub for software development and innovation.
Major agricultural products from Mexico include avocados, tomatoes, chili peppers, and maize (corn). The country is one of the world's largest exporters of these crops.
Mexico boasts some of the world's most beautiful beaches, including those in Tulum, Cabo San Lucas, and Puerto Vallarta. These coastal areas attract millions of tourists each year.
Mexican filmmakers like Guillermo del Toro, Alfonso Cuarón, and Alejandro González Iñárritu have achieved international acclaim, winning multiple Oscars. Their films often explore complex themes and showcase Mexican culture.
The Basilica of Our Lady of Guadalupe in Mexico City is one of the most visited religious sites in the world. It holds great significance for Catholics in Mexico and beyond.
Mexico is home to species like the jaguar, the ocelot, and the Mexican gray wolf. Conservation efforts are underway to protect these and other endangered animals.
Mexican food has had a significant influence on global cuisine, especially in the United States. Dishes like tacos, guacamole, and salsa are popular worldwide.
The Guelaguetza festival in Oaxaca celebrates indigenous culture and traditions. This annual event features traditional music, dance, and costumes.
The National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM) is one of the oldest and most prestigious universities in Latin America. It is renowned for its research and academic programs.
Besides Spanish, there are 68 national languages in Mexico, including 63 indigenous languages. These languages are an important part of the country's cultural heritage.
Mexico is bordered by the Pacific Ocean, the Gulf of Mexico, and the Caribbean Sea. These bodies of water are vital for trade, tourism, and biodiversity.
Mexico has numerous archaeological sites, including Teotihuacan, Palenque, and Tulum. These sites attract tourists and researchers from around the world.
Major exports from Mexico include automobiles, electronics, and oil. The country is a significant player in global trade, especially with its proximity to the United States.
Mexico imports machinery, electrical equipment, and medical apparatus. These imports are essential for its industrial and technological sectors.
Mexico City is one of the most densely populated cities in the world. Managing its urban growth and infrastructure is a significant challenge for city planners.
Traditional agricultural techniques like milpa, a crop-growing system, are still used in rural areas. This method involves planting multiple crops together to enhance soil fertility.
Mexico faces environmental challenges such as deforestation, air pollution, and water scarcity. The government and NGOs are working on various initiatives to address these issues.
The Mexican Revolution (1910-1920) was a major social and political upheaval that transformed Mexican society. It led to significant land reforms and the establishment of a constitutional republic.
Mexico is actively working on climate change initiatives and renewable energy projects. The country aims to reduce its carbon emissions and increase its use of clean energy.
Mexico is a member of international organizations like the United Nations and the Organization of American States. It plays an active role in regional and global diplomacy.